The C3 Technology White Paper introduces the C3 high-pressure cryogenic refrigeration system developed by G.E.O. Inc. as an innovative solution for volatile organic compound (VOC) vapor treatment. This technology is designed for applications like soil vapor extraction (SVE), multiphase extraction, and industrial vapor treatment. The C3 system is especially effective for treating both high and low concentrations of VOCs, using a combination of high pressure (150 psi) and cryogenic cooling to efficiently condense and recover VOCs. The system stands out for its ability to handle VOC concentrations ranging from 0.001% to saturation without requiring dilution, making it suitable for challenging applications involving petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, or fluorocarbons(C3 Technology White Pap…).
The white paper discusses the challenges associated with traditional vapor treatment technologies, such as thermal oxidizers, catalytic oxidizers, and granular activated carbon (GAC). These technologies struggle with treating high VOC concentrations due to their limited throughput and high maintenance costs. In contrast, the C3 system offers a more efficient approach by avoiding the need for system oversizing or dilution, effectively eliminating operational bottlenecks. This results in faster project timelines, reduced lifecycle costs, and more timely completion of remediation operations(C3 Technology White Pap…).
C3 Technology uses a proprietary regenerative adsorption technology that enhances the recovery and condensation of VOCs, converting them into a non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL). The system operates by extracting contaminated vapors, compressing them, and cooling them to around -40°C to condense VOCs. The vapors are then polished through GAC filtration before atmospheric discharge. This multi-stage approach achieves VOC concentrations of 0.1 to 5 ppmv in the treated vapor effluent(C3 Technology White Pap…).
From a technical feasibility perspective, the white paper explains how C3 utilizes the physics of phase changes, similar to water turning into vapor or ice when subjected to temperature and pressure variations. The system leverages R507 refrigerant to generate cryogenic temperatures under controlled conditions, allowing efficient phase changes of the VOCs(C3 Technology White Pap…).
The white paper also addresses the operation and maintenance (O&M) requirements of the C3 system. The O&M routine involves monthly inspections, quarterly maintenance, and occasional replacement of the GAC filtration units. It emphasizes the efficiency of the C3 system in reducing the need for frequent carbon polishing, ultimately minimizing costs. The system’s energy demands vary by flow rate, with larger systems requiring up to 380 KVA of power(C3 Technology White Pap…).
The C3 Technology vs. Other Vapor Treatments section highlights how the C3 system provides a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional vapor treatment methods. Unlike thermal oxidizers and catalytic oxidizers, the C3 system does not require supplemental fuel and produces fewer harmful emissions. Additionally, containerization of VOCs allows for proper recycling or incineration in a controlled environment, resulting in a lower overall carbon footprint compared to GAC and thermal oxidation methods(C3 Technology White Pap…).
In summary, C3 Technology offers a versatile and efficient solution for treating VOC emissions, particularly in situations with high VOC concentrations. It reduces project timelines, lifecycle costs, and environmental impact, making it an advanced and sustainable choice for remediation applications.
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